A basement that will last a lifetime is more than just digging a hole, and pouring some concrete. It’s an artwork, a scientific endeavor, and at times it can seem like you are fighting Mother Nature. It’s an art, a science and sometimes feels like battling Mother Nature herself – helpful hints!
Imagine sipping your coffee in the basement of your newly renovated home, which also doubles as a personal movie theatre. Sounds dreamy, right? Let’s look at how you can make your dream a reality.
The soil can be sneaky. It can shift or settle over time causing structural damage and cracks. It’s important to know what type of soil your project will be. Sandy soils drain very well, but they may not be the best for support. Clay soils retain water and contract or expand with moisture changes. Geotechnical engineers are able to help determine the type of soil you have.
Let’s move on to excavation. It’s not just about moving dirt. For future headaches, it is important to get the width and depth right. Too shallow? Your basement could end up looking like a swimming-pool after heavy rainfall. Too deep? You’ll soon be faced with skyrocketing expenses.
It’s time to reinforce those walls, literally! Temporary supports during construction are essential to prevent everything from collapsing in on itself. Consider them the scaffolding of your underground palace.
If you don’t like the idea of indoor lakes, you should also consider waterproofing. Keep moisture at bay with sealants, drainage systems, and membranes. French drains can be both stylish and functional.
Have you heard of underpinnings? This technique strengthens foundations that are already in place by increasing their depth, width or both. It is particularly useful when you want to add a basement or reinforce an existing one.
Reinforcement for basements is not just for bodybuilders. The steel bars (rebars) embedded in concrete walls and floors add strength. They are like the skeleton of your basement.
Insulation sounds boring, but I assure you that it makes the difference between comfortable warmth and cold regret. Rigid foam board are popular for their ability to resist moisture and provide excellent thermal insulation.
Remember ventilation! Basements can suffer from poor ventilation, leading to mold growth. Installing dehumidifiers or vents can prevent a lot of future problems.
It is important to plan electrical wiring carefully. You don’t want to end up with cords that are unsightly. You’ll need outlets for TVs, lamps and mini-fridges.
You’ll need to be a little more foresighted if you plan on installing a bathroom there. Gravity can be your enemy when it comes time to remove waste. You may need to use pumps to make things flow uphill.
Talking of battles uphill, permits! Although they can be annoying, permits are essential if you want to avoid hefty penalties or worse – an order for demolition! Check the local regulations before you begin construction.
You’ll need to finish the basement after construction, hopefully without any major hair-pulling. Drywalling conceals wires and plumbing while flooring options vary from cozy carpet to sleek tiles, depending on your preference.
Finally–furnishings! It’s here that your personality will shine through. Whether it’s comfortable couches for movie nights, or gym equipment for fitness goals you have been procrastinating about since New Years Eve!
You now know the nuts and screws (and laughter) of building a strong basement foundation. It won’t make you feel as if you’re living over quicksand.